Rosella – like many of the others, my basement shop space is limited. Maybe 200 sq ft total (125 ft workable). In that space I have a bandsaw, a drill press, two benches and tools\storage on most walls. A small, sturdy stand alternately hosts my sharpening station or a belt sander. Our house’s utility room, which contains the furnace, water heater, gas meter and electrical panel, takes up 75 square feet of it. It’s an inefficient space, but I make it work.
Two things have bugged me: ventilation\dust (which I have eased with a portable HEPA filter) and ceiling height. It seems no matter how careful I try to be, I routinely whack the headstock of the guitar on the ceiling (there’s a large heating duct adjacent to a supporting column\beam down the center), or on one of the many corners in the room. Bugs the heck out of me; I almost want to add padding all around the room. (OTOH, as I consider it, maybe a padded cell would be a very appropriate room for most luthiers) Seriously, if you can manage it, try to establish a zone free of any objects\ corners around and above your bench.
IMO, the workbench comes first in any shop design, then work around that space. Make sure that all stationary power tools have clear space around them so they can be used safely. Place storage on the walls or on shelving units and figure out items that can be swapped in and out (like my sharpening station\belt sander). A lot of the design evolves over time, but the basic elements – the bench and the stationary tools will likely stay in the same place by necessity.
There is one other issue which I have not figured out: the force of gravity seems to be much higher in my basement than in the rest of the house. Tools and workpieces often fall to the ground or roll off the bench when I am not looking; it always seems to happen at the most critical juncture when all I can do is watch in disgust. What’s that all about?